NEMA's Mission
The National Emergency Management Authority (NEMA), as part of the Ministry of Defense, is responsible for preparing Israel's Home Front for different emergencies. This is accomplished by directing and coordinating between emergency organizations, government offices, local authorities, and other relevant institutions.
NEMA's Day to Day Responsibilities
o Writing the National Threat Assessment.
o Creating a long term plan for the improvement of Home front preparedness.
o Organizing Local and National Emergency Preparedness Exercises.
o Creating and maintaining an infrastructure for international cooperation in the fields of information sharing and humanitarian aid.
o Ensuring proper critical resource (fuel, food, water etc.) reserves and distribution plans.
o Promoting relevant legislation of Emergency Management concepts in the Parliament and Government.
o Preparing for the government an annual report on the Home Front's preparedness level.
o Initiating research in the field of Emergency Preparedness.
o Coordinating in order to improve the population's resilience to emergency situations.
o Ensuring proper funding for Emergency Preparedness in government offices.
o Inspecting the preparedness level of local authorities and government offices. 
NEMA's Responsibilities in Time of Emergency
o National Emergency Management Center
• NEMA operates an emergency management center which allows for real-time analysis of National Emergencies.
• The Emergency Management Center receives information from all the Emergency Organizations In order to locate current and possible future gaps and overlaps in Emergency Response efforts.
o Coordinating National Response efforts.
o Advising the Minister of Defense, and insuring the implementation of his instructions in the field of Emergency Management.

Emergency Situations
An emergency situation is declared by the government in the following scenarios:
 War or limited military confrontation
 Major terror attacks (conventional or nonconventional, Cyber-terrorism)
 Epidemic outbreak (e.g. Pandemic Influenza)
 Natural disasters (earthquakes, floods, etc.)
 Operational incidents  (with potential of mass disaster due to HAZMAZ or radioactive leaks)